The PepCodex Catalogue · Vol. IV

A catalogue of peptides, referenced.

102 dossiers. 2,671 cited sources. Distilled, classified, and indexed — so you can read the evidence, not the marketing.

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Featured dossiers

All entries

Selected specimens · Vol. IV

Metabolic

Semaglutide

Ozempic · Wegovy · Rybelsus +1

A GLP-1 receptor agonist FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular risk reduction, and MASH. Among the most extensively studied peptides with robust Phase 3 data demonstrating significant metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic benefits.

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Metabolic

Tirzepatide

LY3298176 · Mounjaro · Zepbound

A dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist approved globally for type 2 diabetes (Mounjaro), weight management (Zepbound), and obstructive sleep apnea. Extensive clinical trial data from 30+ countries demonstrates significant effects on glycemic control, body weight, and cardiovascular outcomes.

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Repair & Recovery

BPC-157

Body Protection Compound-157 · Bepecin · PL 14736 +1

A synthetic peptide derived from human gastric juice protein. Preclinical studies suggest tissue repair properties, but human clinical trial data is extremely limited. A 2025 systematic review of 36 studies found only 1 clinical study.

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Repair & Recovery

TB-500

Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment · TB4-FRAG · TMSB4X

A synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4 marketed for tissue repair. While the parent compound has Phase 3 clinical research (RGN-259), TB-500 specifically has no published human data.

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Hormonal

PT-141

Bremelanotide · Vyleesi

An FDA-approved melanocortin receptor agonist for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Acts centrally rather than on vascular mechanisms. Phase 3 RECONNECT trials demonstrated efficacy.

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Repair & Recovery

GHK-Cu

Copper Peptide GHK · Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine:Copper

A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide with wound healing and skin regeneration properties. Extensively studied globally with moderate-to-high evidence for cosmetic applications.

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The drawers

Browse by classification

A

Metabolic

GLP-1 agonists and metabolic regulators

19 specimens
Cagrilintide
A long-acting amylin analog developed by Novo Nordisk for weight management. Studied in Phase 3 trials as CagriSema (combination with semaglutide). The Phase 3 REDEFINE 1 trial showed -20.4% weight loss with cagrilintide-semaglutide versus -3.0% with placebo at 68 weeks.
CagriSema
A fixed-dose combination of cagrilintide (amylin analog) and semaglutide (GLP-1 agonist) for chronic weight management. Phase 3 REDEFINE trials demonstrate 20-23% weight loss at 68 weeks. NDA submitted to FDA December 2025. First GLP-1/amylin combination therapy.
Liraglutide
The first long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes (Victoza, 2010) and chronic weight management (Saxenda, 2014). Pioneered the therapeutic class with proven cardiovascular benefits in the landmark LEADER trial.
Mazdutide
A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist developed by Innovent/Eli Lilly. NMPA approved in China (2025) for obesity. The GLORY-1 trial showed 14.0% weight loss at 48 weeks with the 6mg dose. The DREAMS-3 head-to-head trial vs semaglutide for combined diabetes + obesity outcomes is ongoing, with results not yet published.
B

Recovery

Healing and tissue regeneration

6 specimens
GHK
A naturally occurring tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) with copper-binding affinity and wound healing properties. The base form of GHK without added copper. Endogenous to human plasma where it circulates bound to copper. Declines with age. Most research focuses on the copper-complexed form (GHK-Cu), making evidence for GHK alone limited. Primarily relevant as the precursor to GHK-Cu.
GHK-Cu
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide with wound healing and skin regeneration properties. Extensively studied globally with moderate-to-high evidence for cosmetic applications.
TB-500
A synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4 marketed for tissue repair. While the parent compound has Phase 3 clinical research (RGN-259), TB-500 specifically has no published human data.
BPC-157
A synthetic peptide derived from human gastric juice protein. Preclinical studies suggest tissue repair properties, but human clinical trial data is extremely limited. A 2025 systematic review of 36 studies found only 1 clinical study.
C

Hormonal

Growth hormone secretagogues

18 specimens
HMG
A urinary-derived glycoprotein hormone preparation containing both FSH and LH in approximately 1:1 ratio, FDA-approved for female infertility (ovulation induction, ART) and male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. First used clinically in 1961 by Bruno Lunenfeld, HMG enabled the birth of the first American IVF baby in 1981 and remains a cornerstone of fertility medicine with over 60 years of clinical experience. Highly purified preparations (HP-hMG) demonstrate comparable or slightly superior live birth rates compared to recombinant FSH in IVF.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
A glycoprotein hormone FDA-approved for ovulation induction, cryptorchidism, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Functions as an LH receptor agonist with over 50 years of clinical use in reproductive medicine. Gold standard trigger for assisted reproductive technology.
Pasireotide
A multi-receptor somatostatin analog FDA-approved for Cushing's disease and acromegaly. Features unique binding profile with 30-40 fold higher affinity for SSTR1 and SSTR5 compared to octreotide, enabling efficacy in patients resistant to first-generation somatostatin analogs.
PT-141
An FDA-approved melanocortin receptor agonist for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Acts centrally rather than on vascular mechanisms. Phase 3 RECONNECT trials demonstrated efficacy.
D

Longevity

Anti-aging bioregulators

10 specimens
SS-31
A first-in-class mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane. Developed by Stealth BioTherapeutics for mitochondrial diseases, heart failure, and age-related macular degeneration. Phase 3 trials in primary mitochondrial myopathy did not meet primary endpoints, but Barth syndrome data was positive. Strong preclinical rationale with mixed clinical translation.
Glutathione
The master antioxidant and most abundant intracellular thiol in mammalian cells. This naturally occurring tripeptide (glutamate-cysteine-glycine) is essential for detoxification, immune function, and cellular protection. Extensively studied with strong mechanistic understanding and growing clinical evidence.
Humanin
A 24-amino acid mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) discovered in 2001 that shows cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects in preclinical studies. Represents a novel class of signaling molecules encoded within mitochondrial DNA. Extensive academic research with emerging interest in aging, metabolic disease, and neurodegeneration, but no approved clinical applications.
Endoluten
A cytamin-class peptide supplement derived from pineal gland tissue, part of the Russian bioregulator framework. Marketed as an oral supplement for pineal function and melatonin support. Contains peptide complexes rather than defined sequences. No Western clinical validation.
E

Cognitive

Nootropic and neuroprotective

13 specimens
Alixorexton
An oral orexin receptor 2 (OX2R) agonist developed by Alkermes for narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). Phase 2 clinical trials demonstrated improvements in excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy with once-daily dosing. Represents a novel approach to restore orexin signaling in patients who have lost orexin-producing neurons.
Cerebrolysin
Cerebrolysin is a porcine brain-derived peptide mixture approved in 50+ countries for stroke, dementia, and traumatic brain injury. It is NOT FDA-approved in the United States despite decades of international clinical use. Contains neurotrophic peptide fragments mimicking BDNF, GDNF, NGF, and CNTF. Mixed Phase 3 results but positive meta-analyses and widespread adoption in Europe, Asia, and Latin America.
Cortexin
A Russian neuropeptide complex derived from porcine or bovine cerebral cortex, approved in Russia and CIS countries for neurological conditions. Contains low molecular weight polypeptides (1,000-10,000 Da) with proposed neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties. NOT approved by FDA, EMA, or other Western regulatory agencies. Evidence comes primarily from Russian studies with limited Western validation.
DSIP
A nonapeptide discovered in 1977 that was initially thought to induce delta wave sleep. Research has shown broader neuromodulatory effects including stress-protection and analgesia, though its role as an endogenous sleep factor remains controversial.
F

Immune

Immunomodulatory peptides

12 specimens
Alpha-Defensins
A family of small cationic antimicrobial peptides (29-35 amino acids) that are key components of innate immunity in humans. Produced primarily by neutrophils (HNP-1 to 4) and Paneth cells (HD-5, HD-6), they exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory functions. Well-characterized biochemically with extensive research, though therapeutic development faces challenges.
LL-37
The only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, discovered at Karolinska Institute in Sweden (1995). A 37-amino acid peptide with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory functions. Extensive mechanistic research supports roles in innate immunity, wound healing, and host defense.
Murepavadin
A first-in-class cyclic antimicrobial peptide targeting the LptD outer membrane protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The first OMPTA (outer membrane protein targeting antibiotic) to reach clinical development. IV formulation discontinued due to nephrotoxicity; inhaled formulation continues Phase 3 development for cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis patients.
Thymalin
A thymic peptide complex developed in Russia and used clinically in the former Soviet Union for immunomodulation. Derived from calf thymus extract, it contains multiple peptides claimed to restore immune function. Approved in Russia since the 1970s but not recognized by Western regulatory agencies. Evidence comes primarily from Russian studies with limited Western replication.

By the numbers

Specimens per drawer

A · Metabolic
19
B · Recovery
6
C · Hormonal
18
D · Longevity
10
E · Cognitive
13
F · Immune
12
102
Dossiers
In-depth research profiles
2,671
Cited sources
Peer-reviewed papers
279
Comparisons
Head-to-head analyses
155
Briefings
Research updates
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This website provides educational information only. It is not medical advice and should not be used to diagnose, treat, or prevent any condition. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making health decisions. We do not provide dosing, protocols, or sourcing information.